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Calibration Theory For 5.1 Set-Up (Home Theater – dts)

The purpose of calibration is to adjust the overall electro-acoustic system gain so that 0dBVU of electrical signal level equals a certain acoustic level at the listening position. Since most recording media is now digital, the reference electrical signal level is usually -20dBFS with 20dB of headroom. The reference SPL level however can vary based on the delivery media and speaker type.

Please note, that the bandwidth limited signals that have been provided, limit many of the room interaction affects often associated with measuring SPL and broadband pink noise.

*Also note that the LFE channel gin in 5.1 formats varies from 0 to +10dB depending on the encoding format used. Since the LFE channel is not calibrated as a separate entity, the LFE gain will not affect system calibration basis on these test tones.

The common calibration levels are listed below

All test signals are recorded at- 20dBFS including the 1 kHz sine wave tone. The sine wave tone is used to set the electrical output level throughout the signal path, right up to the point you get to the speakers. While the various pink noise signals are used for acoustic measurements and calibration.

The following proce dure auumes you are calibrate the system to 85dBC SPL. If you are c alibrating to TV , etc. subtitute the appropriat e leve l from the above chart.

1. TURN OFF THE MONITORING SYSTEM (until step 4)
2. Remove all eq and dynamics from the signal path and set all controls to zero/ unity gain.Play the 1kHz Sine Wave, hard assign it ti the left channel only, and adjust the output fader so the output meter reads-20dBFS. If you are using an analog console, set the output level to 0 VU. Then hard pan the signal to the right channel output and repeat for the right channel. For a 5.1 system assign the channel to each output and repeat the adjustment procedure. Once calibrated do not move the output faders.

3. Mute everything and make sure the 1kHz tone is OFF
4. Now that the system has been electrically calibrated turn ON the SUB and SATs.
5. Assign the 500-2.5kHz pink noise signal to the left channel only. Make sure there is nothing coming from the right channel (or any other channels). Because this signal is bandwidth limited, you don’t have to worry about turning the sub off.

There are two methods of setting the levels.

1. If you have a master monitor level control, you can set the sat gain control at reference and then adjust the                       monitor gain control for 85 dBC. Then mark the monitor level as your reference position.
2. The other method is to set aster monitor level to the position you want as a reference level and then use the volume controls to set 85dBC. If you use this method you should mark the knob position with a grease pencil so you can always go back to reference level if the knob gets move.

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